The best and only way to prevent or reduce your risk for CHS is to avoid or quit marijuana use. One study looking at Reddit posts on the subject found that spicy food, greasy food, https://ecosoberhouse.com/ coffee, black tea, and alcohol were frequently mentioned as CHS triggers. These foods/beverages are mostly acidic, but relationships between them and CHS have not been studied scientifically, although the co-use of weed and alcohol is well-known, the study authors said.
- Within 10 minutes, nausea and vomiting stopped, and the person no longer felt abdominal pain.
- An intriguing point to keep in mind is that the Rome IV criteria include the phrase “resembling cyclical vomiting syndrome.” In that regard, it is important to distinguish between the two.
- Many people with CHS go to their doctor or an emergency room (ER) for treatment.
Diagnosis and treatment of cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome
Research suggests that CHS is a permanent condition that can only be effectively treated by quitting cannabis. Continuing to use cannabis despite CHS can lead to potentially life threatening complications. We fix this by giving the water back through the veins and giving drugs to stop the sick feeling and lower the acid in the stomach. Using cannabis for a prolonged period increases your risk of this condition. While any amount of long-term cannabis use can lead to CHS, daily cannabis use seems to be more likely to cause CHS than using it less often. They can begin as mild problems that make you feel sick in the morning.
Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Syndrome: Diagnosis, Pathophysiology, and Treatment—a Systematic Review
Wallace et al. reported that among 25 patients with CHS who abstained, 24 had complete symptom resolution 10. Similarly, Allen et al., Simonetto et al., Patterson et al., and Soriano-Co et al. reported symptom resolution in seven out of seven 6, six out of six 9, four out of four 11, and four out of five 12 patients, respectively. The cumulative synthesis (see Table 1) demonstrated that among 64 patients with documented cannabis cessation, 62 (96.8%) had complete resolution of symptoms. The two patients who reported no resolution of symptoms did not have urine testing performed to confirm abstinence 8, 56.
- Exclusion of a major medical etiology is mandatory prior to the consideration of CHS.
- Addiction rehab programs or CBT may be helpful resources for quitting cannabis.
- Receptor activation leads to inhibitory effects on the release of growth hormone, thyroid hormone, prolactin, and luteinizing hormone 38.
- In this context a comprehensive history along with initial screening tests should be performed to exclude acute conditions and emergencies (e.g pancreatobiliary disease, intestinal obstruction, pregnancy, etc).
- The pro-emetic properties of CBD (at higher doses) and CBG may play a role in the severe nausea and vomiting observed in patients with Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Syndrome (Figure 2).
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What most people don’t realize, researchers say, is that the THC young people are vaping and dabbing today has little resemblance to the marijuana of decades past. Adolescents with CHS and cannabis use disorder (CUD) benefit from a combination of pharmacologic treatment, behavioral interventions, and family support. Twenty-four additional articles were identified through the bibliographies of articles returned in the primary search. After removal of duplicates, 1253 abstracts were independently screened by reviewers, of which 170 satisfied criteria for inclusion.
Let your doctor know how much marijuana you use and how often you use it. It’s a serious medical problem that can cause major health issues if you leave it untreated. If you have any symptoms of severe dehydration, like dizziness, confusion and a rapid heartbeat, call 911 right away. The diagnostic criteria for CHS were ill-defined prior to the establishment of the Rome IV criteria of 2016.2223 Per the Rome IV criteria, all 3 of the following must be met to be diagnosed with CHS. They must be present for at least the last three months and the beginning of symptoms must be at least 6 months prior to the diagnosis being made.
On the basis that only a small number of regular and long term users of marijuana develop CHS, some researchers suggest that genetics might play a role. Other researchers theorize that the effects of marijuana can change with chronic use. With the consumption of marijuana increasing due to the legalization of its recreational use in many states, doctors may receive more reports of side effects from marijuana use. They also experience episodes of vomiting that return every few weeks or months. In this article, we describe drug addiction CHS and discuss the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of the condition. It’s still not clear which of the more than 100 cannabinoids found in cannabis are responsible for CHS, but it’s thought that CBD could potentially be a contributor.
Although its prevalence is unknown, numerous publications have preliminarily established its unique clinical characteristics. CHS should be considered as a plausible diagnosis in the setting of patients with recurrent intractable vomiting and strong history of cannabis abuse. Despite the well-established anti-emetic properties of marijuana, there is increasing evidence of its paradoxical effects on the gastrointestinal tract and CNS. Further initiatives are needed to determine this disease prevalence and its other epidemiological characteristics, natural history, and pathophysiology.
What are other impacts of cannabis use?
Researchers are trying to understand why some people develop it and others don’t. Right now, the only known effective treatment for CHS is to stop using cannabis. It’s still possible to develop CHS if you use cannabis for many years without having any problems. The two major metabolites found in humans are 11-hydroxy-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (11-OH-THC) and 11-nor-9-carboxy-THC- Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC-COOH) 20.
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While the overall prevalence of marijuana use has remained stable in the United States at 4%, the prevalence of cannabis use disorders (i.e. cannabis dependence, cannabis abuse) has continued to rise 4. Risk factors for developing cannabis use disorders include male race, lower income, living in a Western culture, and being separated, divorced, or widowed 5. One 2018 study found that 32.9% of self-reported frequent marijuana users who’d gone to the emergency room (ER) had symptoms of CHS. And a 2022 Canadian study found that ER visits for CHS-related problems had increased 13-fold between 2014 and 2021. (Recreational use and sale of cannabis in Canada was legalized starting in 2018). It’s not clear what percentage of all heavy marijuana users cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome have experienced CHS.
